![]() The standard anatomical position is agreed upon by the international medical community. ![]() Medial indicates a feature is closer to this line, while lateral indicates features further from this line. Medial and lateral refer to position relative to the midline, which is a vertical line drawn through the center of the forehead, down through the belly button to the floor. Proximal refers to a feature that is closer to the torso, while distal refers to a feature that is closer to the fingers/toes. Proximal and distal describe relative position on the limbs. The front of the body is referred to as anterior or ventral, while the back is referred to as posterior or dorsal. Cranial refers to features closer to the head, while caudal refers to features closer to the feet. Relative location in the anatomical position: Many terms are used to describe relative location on the body. Thus, the standard anatomical position provides a “gold standard” when comparing the anatomy of different members of the same species. All descriptions refer to the organism in its standard anatomical position, even when the organism’s appendages are in another position. Standardization is necessary to avoid confusion since most organisms can take on many different positions that may change the relative placement of organs. Standard anatomical position is the body orientation used when describing an organism’s anatomy.
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